The 2000 Réis de plata (silver) of Brazil, minted between 1868 and 1869 during the reign of Pedro II, represent one of the most iconic issues of XNUMXth-century Brazil. These coins stand out not only for their artistic beauty and symbolic richness, but also for their historical significance within the context of the Brazilian Empire. Today, they are coveted by collectors around the world.
History of the 2000 Réis
The 2000 Réis silver coins of Brazil, minted in 1868 and 1869 during the second reign of Pedro II , embody imperial identity within the context of wartime tensions, such as the War of the Triple Alliance (1864–1870). These coins, composed of 90% silver , weigh 25.5 grams, and have a diameter of 37 mm , feature on the obverse the laureate effigy of the emperor with the legend “PETRUS II DG CONST. IMP. ET PERP. BRASIL DEF.” , and on the reverse, the imperial coat of arms surrounded by coffee and tobacco branches, symbols of the agro-export economy. Although the 2000 Réis denomination circulated until 1889, the 1868–1869 pieces cataloged as KM# 487 are notable for their rarity, particularly those from 1869 , which is linked to reduced production during the final phase of the war. Today, their value ranges from $150 USD for worn specimens to over $5,000 USD in "uncirculated" (UNC) condition, being appreciated not only for their scarcity, but for their historical connection with the last Brazilian emperor and their design that merges art and power in one of the most iconic issues of the 19th century.
The 2000 silver Réis coins minted between 1868 and 1869 were issued by the Imperial Government of Brazil under the reign of Pedro II , not by any foreign banking entity. These coins were part of the monetary system of the Empire of Brazil, consolidated since 1833, and their production was the responsibility of the Casa da Moeda do Brasil (Rio de Janeiro Mint). During this period, Brazil was engaged in the War of the Triple Alliance (1864–1870) against Paraguay, a conflict that generated economic pressures but did not interrupt the minting of high-quality coins such as the 2000 Réis.
Technical Specifications and Dimensions
Diameter: Approximately 37 mm
Weight: Approximately 25 grams
Song: Striated
Face Value: 2000 Réis
These dimensions and weight are consistent with the standards for high-value silver coins of the period, similar to those used in other 19th-century South American nations.
Design and Representation of the Currency
Obverse: Features a portrait of Emperor Peter II with a full beard, facing left. Around the bust appears the legend “PETRUS II DGCIMP. ET PERP.BRAS.DEF”. The portrait is detailed and in the Neoclassical style. The year of minting is at the bottom.
Reverse: The reverse shows the imperial coat of arms of Brazil surrounded by intertwined coffee and tobacco branches, symbols of agricultural wealth. Above the coat of arms appears the imperial crown, and below, the value “2000 RÉIS”.
Symbolism of each design element: The portrait of Pedro II symbolizes the stability and continuity of the empire. The coffee and tobacco branches highlight the importance of these crops in the Brazilian economy. The central national coat of arms reinforces the sense of sovereignty, while the imperial crown represents the monarchical order.
The detailed finish and symmetrical balance between obverse and reverse make this coin one of the most elegant of 19th-century Latin American coins. Its aesthetic harmony distinguishes it even from its European counterparts.
Composition of the Currency
Composition: High purity silver (0.917 fineness)
Metal content: Approximately 22.9 grams of pure silver.
Unlike other issues, which reduced purity to reduce costs, this series maintained a robust alloy, reflecting imperial prestige. No changes were recorded in the fineness during its brief issue.
Manufacturing Mints
The 2000 Réis silver coin was minted exclusively by the Casa da Moeda do Brasil , an official institution located in Rio de Janeiro , the only operational mint during the Empire after the monetary centralization of 1834. This mint, founded in 1694, was responsible for all the country's metallic issues until the fall of the monarchy in 1889.
Mint mark: Contrary to popular belief, there is no mint mark (such as the letter “B”) on these coins. The practice of marking coins with identifying letters was abandoned in Brazil in 1834, following the closure of several provincial mints. Therefore, the 1868–1869 coins completely lack any symbols or letters indicating their place of minting.
Current Numismatic Value
The current value of the 2000 silver Reis (1868–1869) varies considerably depending on the state of preservation, the specific year and the authenticity of the piece.
Examples of auction prices:
- 2000 Silver Reis 1869, MS63: It reached $630.00 US dollars in 2023
- 2000 Silver Reis 1868, MS63: It reached $504.00 US dollars in 2024
The 2000 Réis silver coins from 1868 and 1869 are not just coins, but rather testaments to a Brazil of imperial splendor. Their refined design, short minting period, and high purity make them true numismatic gems. If you're passionate about the history behind each coin, we invite you to continue exploring our website to discover more unique items from the fascinating world of Latin American numismatics.
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Some images shown in this article have been obtained from Heritage Auctions, for illustrative and educational purposes.
